Labeling Regulations
Simple, mandatory front-of-package warning labels help consumers quickly and easily identify unhealthy foods and drinks and make healthier choices from the vast array of products available. Studies show that requiring FOP warning labels on unhealthy products can contribute to reduced purchases of junk foods and concerning nutrients and ingredients.
Resources
Fact sheet describing how front-of-package (FOP) labels can help consumers make informed, healthier choices and encourage industry to improve the nutritional profile of their products and portfolios. Learn about the evidence for different FOP labels, what types of labels are in use around the world today, and key elements to consider when developing and implementing an effective FOP labelling policy.
Series of maps showing interpretive labels used on food and beverage packages around around the world. These maps feature national-level, mandatory front-of-package labeling policies as well as government-endorsed voluntary labels. This resource includes a map highlighting countries with front-of-package warning label policies.
Nutrition-related claims on fruit drinks
Fruit drinks (fruit-flavored beverages that contain added sweeteners) are the most popular sugar drink among infants and young children, despite expert recommendations that this age group should not consume any drinks with added sugar. This Fact sheet summarizes findings from three studies that examined nutrition claims made on fruit drink packages and how claims impact […]
Fact sheet describing ultra-processed foods and drinks and the threat they pose to public health worldwide as they make up increasingly greater portions of the global diet. Learn how to identify ultra-processed products; review the evidence for their association with a multitude of risk factors, diseases, and mortality; and explore policy options to reduce consumption. […]
Letter of global support for Peruvian front-of-package labeling regulations
November 2017 (also available in Spanish)
Publications
“Warning: ultra-processed”: an online experiment examining the impact of ultra-processed warning labels on consumers’ product perceptions and behavioral intentions
Authors: Aline D'Angelo Campos, Shu Wen Ng, Ana Clara Duran, Neha Khandpur, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Fernanda Christon, Marissa Hall
Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, October 9, 2024 view full text
The case for mandatory – not voluntary – front-of-package nutrition labels
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Ana Clara Duran
Published in: Bulletin World Health Organization, October 1, 2024 view full text
Decreases in purchases of energy, sodium, sugar, and saturated fat 3 years after implementation of the Chilean food labeling and marketing law: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Maxime Bercholz, Barry Popkin, Natalia Rebolledo, Marcela Reyes, Camila Corvalan
Published in: PLOS Medicine, September 27, 2024 view full text
The impact of an eco-score label on US consumers' perceptions of environmental sustainability and intentions to purchase food: a randomized experiment
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Julia Wolfson, Carmen Prestemon, Maxime Bercholz, Laina Ewoldt, Phoebe Ruggles, Marissa Hall
Published in: PLOS One, June 27, 2024 view full text
Impact of nutrient warning labels on Colombian consumers’ selection and identification of food and drinks high in sugar, sodium, and saturated fat: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mercedes Mora-Plazas, Isabella Carolyn Aida Higgins, Luis Fernando Gomez, Marissa G. Hall, Maria Fernanda Parra, Maxime Bercholz, Nandita Murukutla, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: PLOS ONE, June 10, 2024 view full text
How promising are "ultra-processed" front-of-package labels? A formative study with U.S. adults
Authors: Aline D'angelo Campos, Shu Wen Ng, Katherine McNeel, Marissa Hall
Published in: Nutrients, April 6, 2024 view full text
Impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases in a naturalistic online grocery store: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Maxime Bercholz, Carmen Prestemon, Isabella Higgins, Anna H. Grummon, Marissa G. Hall, Lindsay Jaacks
Published in: PLOS Medicine, September 18, 2023
view full text
Chile's comprehensive food policy offers global lesson in tackling unhealthy foods.
Authors: Francesca Dillman Carpentier, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Teresa Correa
Published in: Health Policy Watch, August 8, 2023 view full text
Natural claims on sugary fruit drinks: a randomized experiment with US parents
Authors: Marissa Hall, Ana Paula Richter, Phoebe Ruggles, Cristina Lee, Allison Lazard, Anna Grummon, Isabella Higgins, Emily Duffy, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: American Journal of Preventive Medicine, July 18, 2023 view full text
Evolution of food and beverage prices after the front-of-package labelling regulations in Chile
Authors: Guillermo Paraje, Daniela Montes de Oca, Camila Corvalán, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: BMJ Global Health, July 3, 2023 view full text
How pictorial warnings change parents’ purchases of sugar-sweetened beverage for their children: mechanisms of impact
Authors: Marissa Hall, Anna Grummon, Alison Lazard, T. Queen, Isabella Higgins, A. P. Richter, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, June 23, 2023 view full text
Design and approval of the nutritional warnings policy in Peru: Milestones, key stakeholders, and policy drivers for its approval
Authors: Francisco Diez-Canseco, Victoria Cavero, Juan Alvarez Cano, Lorena Saavedra-Garcia, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Francesca R. Dillman Carpentier, J. Jaime Miranda
Published in: PLOS Global Public Health, June 16, 2023 view full text
Framing a new nutrition policy: Changes on key stakeholder’s discourses throughout the implementation of the Chilean Food Labelling Law
Authors: Fernanda Mediano, Camila Fierro, Camila Corvalán, Marcela Reyes, Teresa Correa
Published in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, May 1, 2023 view full text
Changes in children’s and adolescents’ dietary intake after the implementation of Chile’s law of food labeling, advertising and sales in schools: a longitudinal study
Authors: Gabriela Fretes, Camila Corvalán, Marcela Reyes, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Christina D. Economos, Norbert L.W. Wilson, Sean B. Cash
Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, April 4, 2023 view full text
Effects of pictorial warnings on parents' purchases and perceptions of sugar-sweetened beverage categories
Authors: Aline D'Angelo Campos, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Gabriela Vatavuk-Serrati, Anna H. Grummon, Isabella C. A. Higgins, Marissa G. Hall
Published in: Pediatric Obesity, March 25, 2023 view full text
Socioeconomic patterns in budget share allocations of regulated foods and beverages in Chile: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Guillermo Paraje, Daniela Montes de Oca, Camila Corvalán, and Barry Popkin
Published in: Nutrients, January 29, 2023 view full text
Employment and wage effects of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and front-of-package warning label regulations on the food and beverage industry: Evidence from Peru
Authors: Juan-José Díaz, Alan Sánchez, Francisco Diez-Canseco, J. Jaime Miranda, Barry
M. Popkin
Published in: Food Policy, January 20, 2023 view full text
Reformulation of top-selling processed and ultra-processed foods and beverages in the Peruvian food supply after front-of-package warning label policy
Authors: Lorena Saavedra-Garcia, Mayra Meza-Hernández, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, December 27, 2022 view full text
Sweetener purchases in Chile before and after implementing a policy for food labeling, marketing, and sales in schools
Authors: Natalia Rebolledo, Maxime Bercholz, Linda Adair, Camila Corvalán, Shu Wen Ng, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: Current Developments in Nutrition, December 23, 2022
view full text
Sugar-sweetened beverage purchases in urban Peru before the implementation of taxation and warning label policies: a baseline study
Authors: Caitlin M. Lowery, Lorena Saavedra-Garcia, Francisco Diez-Canseco, María Kathia Cárdenas, J. Jaime Miranda, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: BMC Public Health, December 20, 2022 view full text
Effect of different front-of-package food labels on identification of unhealthy products and intention to purchase the products – A randomised controlled trial in South Africa
Authors: Makoma Bopape, Jeroen De Man, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Shu Wen Ng, Nandita Murukutla, Rina Swart
Published in: Appetite, August 24, 2022 (online ahead of print) view full text
Perceived effect of warning label on parental food purchasing and drivers of food selection among South African parents — An exploratory study
Authors: Makoma Bopape, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Rina Swart
Published in: Frontiers in Public Health, August 5, 2022 view full text
Do sugar warning labels influence parents' selection of a labeled snack for their children? A randomized trial in a virtual convenience store
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Isabella C. A. Higgins, Allison J. Lazard, Donna R. Miles, Jonathan L. Blitstein, Marissa G. Hall
Published in: Appetite, May 5, 2022 (online ahead of print) view full text
Applying and comparing various nutrient profiling models against the packaged food supply in South Africa
Authors: Tamryn Frank, Shu Wen Ng, Donna R. Miles, Elizabeth C. Swart
Published in: Public Health Nutrition, February 16, 2022 view full text
The impact of pictorial health warnings on purchases of sugary drinks for children: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Marissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, Isabella C. A. Higgins, Allison J. Lazard, Carmen E. Prestemon, Mirian I. Avendaño-Galdamez, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: PLOS Medicine, February 1, 2022 view full text
Nutrition-related claims lead parents to choose less healthy drinks for young children: a randomized trial in a virtual convenience store
Authors: Marissa G. Hall, Allison J. Lazard, Isabella C. A. Higgins, Jonathan L Blitstein, Emily W. Duffy, Eva Greenthal, Sarah Sorscher, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, January 18, 2022 view full text
Front-of-pack labeling in Chile: Effects on employment, real wages, and firms’ profits after three years of its implementation
Authors: Guillermo Paraje, Daniela Montes de Oca, Juan Marcos Wlasiuk, Mario Canales, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: Nutrients, January 11, 2022 view full text
Youth's diets at school after implementation of Chile's Food Labeling and Advertising Law
Authors: Gabriela Fretes, Camila Corvalan, Marcela Reyes, Christina Economos, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Norbert Wilson, Sean Cash
Published in: Obesity, December 1, 2021 view full text
Changes in the use of nonnutritive sweeteners in the Chilean food and beverage supply after the implementation of the Food Labeling and Advertising Law
Authors: Ricardo C. Zancheta, Camila Corvalán, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Vilma Quitral, Marcela Reyes
Published in: Frontiers in Nutrition | Nutrition and Food Science Technology, November 8, 2021 view full text
South African consumers' perceptions of front-of-package warning labels on unhealthy foods and drinks
Authors: Makoma Bopape, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Tamryn Frank, Nandita Murukutla, Trish Cotter, Luyanda Majija, Rina Swart
Published in: PLOS ONE, September 27, 2021 view full text
Testing front-of-package warnings to discourage red meat consumption: a randomized experiment with US meat consumers
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Christina Chauvenet, Anna H. Grummon, Marissa G. Hall, Wilma Waterlander, Carmen E. Prestemon, Lindsay M. Jaacks
Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, September 8, 2021 view full text
The influence of front-of-package nutrition labeling on consumer behavior and product reformulation
Authors: Christina A. Roberto, Shu Wen Ng, Montserrat Ganderats-Fuentes, David Hammond, Simón Barquera, Alejandra Jauregui, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: Annual Review of Nutrition, August 2, 2021 view full text
Changes in food purchases after the Chilean policies on food labelling, marketing, and sales in schools: a before and after study
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Maxime Bercholz, Barry M. Popkin, Marcela Reyes, M. Arantxa Colchero, Camila Corvalán
Published in: The Lancet Planetary Health, August 1, 2021 view full text
Impact of warning labels on reducing health halo effects of nutrient content claims on breakfast cereal packages: A mixed-measures experiment
Authors: Fernanda Mediano Stoltze, Emily A. Busey, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Francesca Dillman Carpentier
Published in: Appetite, August 1, 2021 view full text
Designing warnings for sugary drinks: A randomized experiment with Latino parents and non-Latino parents
Authors: Marissa G. Hall, Allison J. Lazard, Anna H. Grummon, Isabella C. A. Higgins, Maxime Bercholz, Ana Paula C. Richter, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: Preventive Medicine, July 1, 2021 view full text
Sugar-sweetened beverage reduction policies: Progress and promise
Authors: James Krieger, Sara Bleich, Stephanie Scarmo, and Shu Wen Ng
Published in: Annual Review of Public Health, April 1, 2021 view full text
The effects of the Chilean food policy package on aggregate employment and real wages
Authors: Guillermo Paraje, Arantxa Colchero, Juan Marcos Wlasiuk, Antonio Martner Sota, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: Food Policy, April 1, 2021 view full text
Reformulation of packaged foods and beverages in the Colombian food supply
Authors: Caitlin M. Lowery, Mercedes Mora-Plazas, Luis Fernando Gómez, Barry M. Popkin, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: Nutrients, October 24, 2020 view full text
Designing an effective front-of-package warning label for food and drinks high in added sugar, sodium, or saturated fat in Colombia: An online experiment
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Marissa G. Hall, Luis Fernando Gómez, Isabella Higgins, Maxime Bercholz, Nandita Murukutla, Mercedes Mora-Plazas
Published in: Nutrients, October 13, 2020 view full text
Reactions to graphic and text health warnings for cigarettes, sugar-sweetened beverages, and alcohol: An online randomized experiment of US adults
Authors: Marissa G Hall, Anna H Grummon, Allison J Lazard, Olivia M Maynard, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Published in: Preventive Medicine, August 1, 2020 view full text
Changes in the amount of nutrient of packaged foods and beverages after the initial implementation of the Chilean Law of Food Labelling and Advertising: A nonexperimental prospective study
Authors: Marcela Reyes, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Barry M Popkin, Rebecca Kanter, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Camila Corvalán
Published in: PLOS Medicine, July 28, 2020 view full text
Sugary drink warnings: A meta-analysis of experimental studies
Authors: Anna H Grummon, Marissa G Hall
Published in: PLOS Medicine, May 20, 2020 view full text
Experimental studies of front-of-package nutrient warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed foods: A scoping review
Authors: Lindsey S. Taillie, Marissa G. Hall, Barry M. Popkin, Shu Wen Ng, Nandita Murukutla
Published in: Nutrients, February 22 2020 view full text
An evaluation of Chile’s Law of Food Labeling and Advertising on sugar-sweetened beverage purchases from 2015 to 2017: A before-and-after study
Authors: Lindsey S. Taillie, Marcela Reyes, Michelle A. Colchero, Barry M. Popkin, Camila Corvalán
Published in: PLOS Med, February 11, 2020 view full text
Conflicting messages on food and beverage packages: Front-of-package nutritional labeling, health and nutrition claims in Brazil
Authors: Ana C. Duran, Camila Z. Ricardo, Lais A. Mais, Ana P. B. Martins, Lindsey S. Taillie
Published in: Nutrients, December 5 2020 view full text
Responses to the Chilean Law of Food Labeling and Advertising: Exploring knowledge, perceptions and behaviors of mothers of young children
Authors: Teresa Correa, Camila Fierro, Marcela Reyes, Francesca R. D. Carpentier, Lindsey S. Taillie, Camila Corvalan
Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2019 view full text
Causal language in health warning labels and US adults’ perception: A randomized experiment
Authors: Marissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, Olivia M. Maynard, Madeline R. Kameny, Desmond Jenson, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: Am J Public Health, October 2019 view full text
Structural responses to the obesity and non‐communicable diseases epidemic: Update on the Chilean law of food labelling and advertising
Authors: Camila Corvalán, Marcela Reyes, Maria L. Garmendia, Ricardo Uauy
Published in: Obesity Reviews, March 2019 view full text
No fat, no sugar, no salt . . . no problem? Prevalence of “low-content” nutrient claims and their associations with the nutritional prole of food and beverage purchases in the United States
Authors: Lindsey S. Taillie, Shu Wen Ng, Ya Xue, Emily A. Busey, Matthew Harding
Published in: Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, see video overview view full text
The effects of traffic light labelling versus cartoon labelling on food and beverage purchases in a children’s hospital setting
Authors: Whitt OR, Jilcott Pitts SB, Rafferty AP, Payne CR, Shu Wen Ng
Published in: Pediatric Obesity, July 28 2017 view full text
Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available to and purchased by US households in 2007-2012
Authors: Shu Wen Ng, Jessica Ostrowski, Kuo-ping Li
Published in: Am J. Clinical Nutrition, June 7 2017 view full text
Color-coded front-of-pack nutrition labels-an option for US packaged foods?
Authors: Elizabeth K. Dunford, Jennifer M. Poti, Dagan Xavier, Jacqui L. Webster, Lindsey S. Taillie
Published in: Nutrients, May 2017 view full text
US food industry progress during the national salt reduction initiative: 2009–2014
Authors: Christine J. Curtis, Jennifer Clapp, Sarah A. Niederman, Shu Wen Ng, Sonia Y. Angell
Published in: American Journal of Public Health, October 2016 view full text
Where people shop is not associated with the nutrient quality of packaged foods for any racial-ethnic group in the United States
Authors: Dalia Stern, Jennifer M. Poti, Shu Wen Ng, Robinson WR, Gordon-Larsen P, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, April 2016
Walmart and other food retail chains: Trends and disparities in the nutritional prole of packaged food purchases
Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Shu Wen Ng, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: American Journal of Preventative Medicine, February 2016 view full text
The nutrient content of U.S. household food purchases by store type
Authors: Dalia Stern, Shu Wen Ng, Barry M. Popkin
Published in: American Journal of Preventative Medicine, February 2016 view full text
Use of caloric and noncaloric sweeteners in US consumer packaged foods, 2005-2009
Authors: Shu Wen Ng, Meghan M. Slining, Barry M Popkin
Published in: Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, November 2012 view full text